Description of functional support for special performance throughout the race distance of well-trained rowers in China

Abstract

Abstract: Purpose: The article observes the methodological approaches to analyze the the complex features of effectiveness special ability features which based on and differentiated evaluation of the components of the race distance in rowing. The race distance model showed significant differences in the functional support of rower’s special performance throughout the start, in the middle, the second half, and the final acceleration. It is shown that these differences affect the rower’s performance during the entire race distance and eventurally, the race result. Materials: Studies were conducted in the water sports center of Shandong Province (China) during the competation period. The study included the leading rowers of the province - members and candidates for Shandong provincial rowing team. Total - 40 man athletes of the heavyweight category at the age from 18 to 23 years. Results: The research showes that the high level special performance rower has a high level of aerobic capacity, (VO2 max), concentration of lactat of blood, ergometerical power load when achieved the anaerobic threshold. Differences of VO2 max and middle consumption of VО2, attained on the second half race distance differed no more than on 3,0%. The increases of indicator of VE·VCO2 -1 of 7-9% and VE·VO2 -1 of 5-6% on the second half racedistance testified to the high level of expressiveness of mechanisms of indemnification of fatigue. For rowers with the lower level of the special performance, indexes of VO2, the distances registered on the second half is low in relation to a level that was registered at the achievement of VO2 of max. The indexes is also low on their VE·VCO2 -1 і VE·VO2 -1 on the second half of distance, which considered to be the evidence of a decrease in the ability of some aspects of fatigue compensation reactions associated with respiratory compensation of metabolic acidosis. These rowers also have a lower ergometry power at the reaching point of anaerobic threshold.