The use of the stabilography method during physical rehabilitation among patients undergoing the reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament with arthroscopic surgical interventions

Abstract

Purpose:The article covers the issues of grounding, elaborating and studying the effectiveness of the physical rehabilitation complex program among patients undergoing the reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament with arthroscopic surgical interventions. The reason for the program was the use of workout modules performed on stabilographic platform, remedial gymnastics, therapeutic massage with the passive workoutelements, aimed to increase the movements’ amplitude in the injured joint and to achieve the postisometric relaxation, mechanotherapyon the joints workout machine and keeping to the orthopedic routine. The primary biomechanical characteristics of balance control, received during the balance test, show that the patients have problems with load distribution in lower limbs with the injury of anterior cruciate ligament Materials:According to the proposed program, 21 patients (the main group of patients) underwent rehabilitation after ACL reconstruction. 31 patients received the traditional program of physical rehabilitation. The results registered on the previous study stage showed the lack of statistically meaningful discrepancies in the studied indicators and the age among the patients of the control and the main groups. . All patients (52 people) underwent the rehabilitation treatment in the rehabilitation department of ITO NAMS of Ukraine and were operated in the hospitals of the institute. The femoral end of the transplant was fixed with the help of “Rigid-fix” or “Cross-pin” systems, and the tibial end – using “Biointrafix” or “Biosure-synk” systems. Medication were applied according to the prescriptions. Results:The results of stabilographic studies in the functional rehabilitation period show that 100% of patients in the control group have middle or high asymmetry level of load distribution in lower limbs (by indicators of load time difference (dominant) of intact and injured lower limb) – 38,53±6,74 % ( x ±S), which proves that the patients continued to overload the intact lower limb. At the same time, in patients of the control group during the functional rehabilitation period, the load time indicators (dominant) (%) of intact and injured lower limb showed static distinctions (р<0,05), while indicators of the intact lower limb exceeded indicators of the injured one for 1,89-3,38 times. In the dynamic studies there were positive changes observed, which were manifested in decreased load time difference (dominant) of intact and injured lower limbs, thus, during the functional rehabilitation period patients of the control group achieved the preoperative level of the studied indicators – 38,53±6,74 % ( x ±S) (р˂0,05). At the same time, in patients of the control group the studied indicators of injured lower limb, comparing to the preoperative period, have increased in average to 0,28 times, for intact lower limb – have slightly decreased (р>0,05). Conclusions:Thus, the load distribution function in the vertical stance among the patients of the control group has left deficient, which allows concluding, that the middle or high asymmetry level of load distribution in lower limbscannot be overcome without the use of special tools of physical rehabilitation, such as combination of workout modules on Gamma Platform.